MATÉRIAUX STRATÉGIQUES
Intelligence Matériaux
Profils approfondis des matériaux critiques qui façonnent les chaînes d'approvisionnement mondiales, la défense et l'énergie propre.
Chaque profil couvre la dynamique de la chaîne d'approvisionnement, la répartition de la demande, les risques géopolitiques, les développements politiques et les signaux prospectifs.
Critical Minerals
Beryllium
Atomic #4
The lightest structural metal on Earth — irreplaceable in missile guidance, satellite optics, and nuclear systems, yet refined in only three countries and guarded by a lethal toxicity barrier.
China Share
N/A
US Import Dep.
N/A
Copper
Atomic #29
The backbone of electrification — every EV, wind turbine, power grid, and data center depends on it.
China Share
43%
US Import Dep.
N/A
Indium
Atomic #49
The invisible layer behind every screen — a zinc byproduct holding the display industry hostage.
China Share
55–65%
US Import Dep.
N/A
Molybdenum
Atomic #42
The steel backbone hiding in plain sight — 80% of it hardens the alloys that hold up bridges, pipelines, and battlefields.
China Share
~46%
US Import Dep.
N/A
Niobium
Atomic #41
A few hundred grams transform a tonne of steel — and one company in Brazil controls 77% of the world's supply.
China Share
N/A
US Import Dep.
100%
Selenium
Atomic #34
Copper's overlooked shadow element — hostage to someone else's mine, yet essential for thin-film solar, food security, and modern glass.
China Share
~50%
US Import Dep.
>75%
Tantalum
Atomic #73
The conflict mineral inside every device you own — powering capacitors from smartphones to missile guidance, sourced from warzones and a single Australian mine.
China Share
N/A
US Import Dep.
N/A
Tellurium
Atomic #52
The solar metalloid you can't mine — 100% hostage to copper refining, and First Solar needs every gram.
China Share
N/A
US Import Dep.
N/A
Tin
Atomic #50
The invisible solder joint holding every circuit board together — sourced from conflict zones, shaken by Indonesian export shocks, and impossible to substitute.
China Share
~31-33%
US Import Dep.
74%
Tungsten
Atomic #74
The hardest and most heat-resistant metal, suffering from one of the most extreme supply concentrations in the world.
China Share
≈83%
US Import Dep.
N/A
Vanadium
Atomic #23
The steel hardener turning grid-scale battery — 90% goes into alloys today, but redox flow batteries could double demand by the 2030s.
China Share
60-70%
US Import Dep.
40%
Battery Materials
Cobalt
Atomic #27
The battery stabilizer at the heart of the EV revolution — mined in the DRC, refined in China, contested everywhere.
China Share
73%
US Import Dep.
77%
Graphite
Atomic #6
The irreplaceable foundation of the EV revolution — making up 95% of a battery's anode, almost entirely processed in China.
China Share
77%
US Import Dep.
100%
Lithium
Atomic #3
The lightest metal and the irreplaceable foundation of the EV revolution.
China Share
65-72%
US Import Dep.
N/A
Nickel
Atomic #28
The backbone of stainless steel and the key to long-range EV batteries, dominated by Indonesian expansion.
China Share
N/A
US Import Dep.
N/A
Rare Earth Elements
Dysprosium
Atomic #66
The heavy rare earth that keeps EV motors and wind turbines from losing their magnetism at high temperatures.
China Share
85-90%
US Import Dep.
N/A
Neodymium
Atomic #60
The rare earth powering the world's strongest permanent magnets — from EV motors to wind turbines.
China Share
58%
US Import Dep.
>75%
Terbium
Atomic #65
The invisible force behind heat-proof magnets — scarce, geopolitically trapped, and irreplaceable in the EV revolution.
China Share
~90%
US Import Dep.
N/A
Semiconductor Metals
Gallium
Atomic #31
The backbone of III-V semiconductors powering 5G, defense electronics, and next-gen solar cells.
China Share
99%
US Import Dep.
100%
Germanium
Atomic #32
Essential for fiber optics, infrared imaging, and space solar cells — with no substitutes in sight.
China Share
80-85%
US Import Dep.
99%+
Precious Metals
Gold
Atomic #79
The ultimate monetary metal — powering central bank reserves, high-reliability electronics, and the world's oldest store of value.
China Share
N/A
US Import Dep.
N/A
Platinum
Atomic #78
The premier catalytic metal, heavily concentrated in South Africa and critical for the hydrogen economy.
China Share
N/A
US Import Dep.
N/A
Silver
Atomic #47
A structurally tight precious-industrial metal, driven to consecutive deficits by the explosive growth of photovoltaics.
China Share
N/A
US Import Dep.
N/A
